Piston and packing



Jan. 30, 1923.-

P1 1. HUHN.

PISTN AND PACKING.

msn DEC. l1. 191s.

e/for:

Paf ZIFWZI/ "by: may.

Patented Jan. 30, 1923.

UNITED STATES PAUL J. HUHN, or sT. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

PISTOIT AND PACKING.

Application led December 17, 1919. Serial No. 345,495.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, PAUL J. HUHN, a citizen of the United States, residing at ASt. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and' useful Improvement in Pistons and Packing, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to pistons and packing and consists of peculiar features which are particularly adapted to overcome the loss ot' compression in a` cylinder durin the reciprocation ot' the piston. The pac ing rings of my invention work in conjunction with the peculiar form and shape of the piston to accomplish the desired results.

The invention further provides means for protecting the packing from carbon deposits when the piston and packing are used in interna] combustion engines.

A feature of the invention is to provide a piston of such shape as to cause the packing rings to he forced into engagement with the cylinder wall to form a tight joint in either direction of reciprocation ot' the piston in the cylinder and to further provide packing means hetween theV piston packing rings to form a pressure tight joint between the split packing rings. lleretofore a'great deal oi trouble has heen experienced in forming a tight joint between split packing rings and various constructions have been designed to overcome leaky joints in the same. My invention overcomes this difliculty by provid` ingsuitable means between the packing rings.

'l`l1c construction of my piston causes the piston rings to uniformly engage the wal] of the cylinder in which they are operating at all points so as to avoid uneven wear on the cylinder wall.

ln the drawings forming part of this speciiication:

Figure 1 is a cross sectional side elevation ol' a portion ot' a cylinder and ot' nl v piston and packing,

Figure Q is a cross section of a detail por tion of my piston and packing.

Figure 3 is a side view of one of my packing rings.

Figure 4 is u side vievv ol another of my packing rings. c,

Figure 5 is a plan vienv ot' one of the gasket packing rings. O

The drawings illustrate a portionI f a cyl- 65 indcr A of an internal combustion e gine in cess 10 formed with inner annular serrations having sloping sides 11 and `12.

Packing rings 13 are adapted to lit in the` recess 10 adjacent each other and are formed with V shaped annular grooves similar to and adapted to fit the serrations formedin the recess 10. The grooves 14 in the packing rings 13 fit the sloping sides 11 and 12 of the serrations of the recess 10 freely so that when the piston B is reciprocated in one direction the sides 12 will engage one side of the grooves 14 to force the outer surface 15 of the packing rings against the Wall 16 of the cyllnder to evenly and annularly engage the same to form a tight joint. lVhile when the piston B is reciprocated in the opposite direction the sides 11 of the serrations will engage the opposite side of the grooves 14 of the piston rings 13 to cause the rings to he forced into engagement with the cylinder ,wall 16 and thus forni a tight, annular joint during the reciprocation of the cylinder in this direction. In this manner the reciprocation of the piston B in either direction causes the rings to be forced evenly into engagement with the cylinder' wall 16..

'lhe piston rings 13 are split diagonally at 1T in the ordinary manner to allovvv them to he easily inserted in the recess 10, and to overcome any leak through the split 17 of the rings 13. I provide a packing gasket in the form of an undivided annular ring 18, which is formell of softer material or metal than the packing rings .13 and of a thin. flat nature so that it can be inserted or placed between the rings 13. ln placing the ring 18 between the packing rings 13, one 0f the rings 13 is first placed in the recess 10 `.vith its groove 14 engaging the sides Hand 12 of the innermost serration, The packing ring or rings 18 are then slipped over the piston headadjacent the piston ring 13 and then the other packing ring 13 is slid over the piston head and into engagement with the sides of the qother serration in the recess 10 so as to position the gasket packing rings between the pair of packing rings 13. it being obvious that a suitahle number of rings can he used to give the desired packing effect between the pair of packing rings 13; It is essential i iiieSc-lirin, wliilf' ivllml tlw `imi l 1 in lli@ oppiifiilv lil-villini liiiizii'liiiig ring invlineil to allow Uil iii liilliiii tlw ring so :is to pi'nporly lubrimitiilu' will lli mi' tlm p vliiilvr. ln this iiiiimivr' rlii piiiking ring :2:2 works only in fini iliie-i-tlnn iii transmit plessiilv from the i'iqiiii l li'iilir i'ii'liiwil side 22% t0 the ring; :u live-1 nil il -ixia m' il; me @nil if tiliP Pyliiiilvii A i! ammini, nl' iiil will neit ii-fiili llgf En lliii mi rings lil. Thu in-l niiiiwl wlw ;i- -i iwi'mni ila meinA funi-i film :u` rifw il llil fi' ll Hi' l2.

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3. A piston and packing for a cylinder, including split packing rings, means in said piston for forcing said packing rings towards each other'in the i'eciprocation of said piston in either direction. said rings having op- ,formed on the piston vfor engaging said grooves, and a packing gasket interposed between said packing rings and adapted to be compressed between said packing rings to form a pressure tight joint when said piston is reciprocated in a cylinder.

5. A piston including a recess having: wedge shaped surfaces, a packing ring adapted to envelope said wedge shaped surfaces and to be forced by the said surfaces into close engagement with the cylinder wall in the reciprocation in either direction of said piston to form a pressure tight joint.

G. A piston and packing for a cylinder, including split packing rings, means in said piston for towing said packing rings t0- ward each other in the reciprocation of said piston in either direction and a packing gasket interposed between said licking rings and' adapted to be compressedp between said parking rings to forni a pressure tight joint when said pistonY is reciprocated in a cylinder.

T. A piston and packing; including an annular recess formed in said piston, annular errrations formed in said recess, packing rings and grooves formed in said packing rings adapted to beengaged by said serrations to cause the pressure exerted against said piston to be transmitted to one side of the grooves formed in said packing rings when the piston is reciprocated in one direction and to transmit the force from the piston to the other side of the groove formed in said packing rings when the piston is reciprocated in the opposite direction, whereby a pressure tight joint is formed between said piston and a cylinder wall in which said piston is adapted to be4 reciprocated.

8. A piston and packing, including an annular serrated recess formed in said piston and packing rings having grooves formed therein which are adapted to engage the serrations of said recess freely to cause pressure to be directed at an angle in the direction of movement of`said piston to force the piston rin s outward into engagement with packing is *being reciprocated.

9. A piston and packing, including a pair of packing rings positioned adjacent each other, a packing gasket adapted to be compressed between said packing rings to form 4a pressure tight joint between said packing rings and'ahout said piston, a packing ring positioned near the opposite end of said piston and means in said piston adapted to expand said last mentioned 'packin ring against the wall of a cylinder in which said piston is adapted to reciprocate in one direction of travel `of said piston.

10. A piston and packing, including packing rings ositioned adjacent each other, packing gas ets between said rings and means formed in said piston adapted to cause said acking rings to press said gaskets tightly f tween said packing rings to form a pressnre tight joint in a cylinder.

PAUL J. HUHN.

.65 the cylin er wall in which the piston andv 

